Terracotta Army
The Museum of the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, a globally acclaimed archaeological site, stands as one of China's most significant cultural treasures. Discovered in 1974 by local farmers in Lintong District, Xi'an, the museum covers an area of over 16,000 square meters and showcases thousands of life-sized terracotta warriors, horses, and chariots, dating back more than 2,200 years to the Qin Dynasty. Renowned for its historical value and the incredible craftsmanship displayed, it offers visitors a unique glimpse into the military might and artistic achievements of ancient China. Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, it attracts millions of visitors each year, eager to witness this extraordinary archaeological marvel.
Historical Overview
1974: Accidentally discovered by local farmers digging a well in Lintong District, Xi'an, leading to the uncovering of the Terracotta Army.
1979: The Museum of the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang was officially opened to the public.
1987: Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its outstanding universal value.
2000s–Present: Ongoing excavations and research continue to reveal new findings, with the 2009 discovery of Pit 3's command post and the 2012 unveiling of a high-ranking officer's terracotta figure.
Structural Layout
The museum is divided into three main pits, each offering a unique perspective on the Terracotta Army:
Pit 1: The largest pit, showcasing an impressive array of infantry soldiers, chariots, and horses arranged in battle formation.
Pit 2: Features a more diverse collection, including cavalry units, archers, and standing and kneeling archers, providing insights into the Qin Dynasty's military tactics.
Pit 3: Thought to be the command post of the entire army, this pit contains fewer figures but higher-ranking officers, indicating its strategic importance.
Major Attractions
Pit 1: The highlight of the museum, where visitors can witness the sheer scale and grandeur of the Terracotta Army up close.
Pit 2: Offers a more intimate look at the different types of soldiers and their roles within the army.
Pit 3: Provides a glimpse into the command structure of the ancient military force.
Bronze Chariots and Horses Exhibition Hall: Displays two exquisitely crafted bronze chariots and horses, showcasing the advanced metallurgical techniques of the Qin Dynasty.
Suggested Itineraries
Classic Route (2–3 Hours)
Start with Pit 1 to appreciate the vastness of the Terracotta Army.
Move on to Pit 2 to explore the diversity of the soldiers and their weapons.
Conclude with a visit to the Bronze Chariots and Horses Exhibition Hall.
Cultural Depth Route (4–5 Hours)
Begin with Pit 1, then proceed to Pit 2 for a more in-depth exploration.
Visit Pit 3 to understand the command structure of the army.
Spend time in the Bronze Chariots and Horses Exhibition Hall, followed by a visit to the museum's archaeological exhibition hall to learn about the excavation process.
All-Day Exploration (Full Day)
Morning: Start with Pit 1, then Pit 2, and Pit 3, taking your time to absorb the details.
Afternoon: Explore the Bronze Chariots and Horses Exhibition Hall, the archaeological exhibition hall, and participate in any special exhibitions or workshops that may be available.
Evening: Consider attending a lecture or cultural performance related to the Qin Dynasty or the Terracotta Army.
Ticket Purchase
Online: Book tickets via the official website or authorized travel platforms in advance to avoid long queues.
On-Site: Tickets can also be purchased at the museum's ticket office, but it's advisable to arrive early, especially during peak seasons.
Prices: Standard entry tickets are priced reasonably, with discounts available for students, seniors, and children. Special exhibitions may have additional fees.
Guided Tours: Guided tours in multiple languages are available for an additional fee, providing in-depth insights into the history and significance of the Terracotta Army.
Transportation
By Subway: Take Line 9 to Huaqing Pool Station, then transfer to a shuttle bus or taxi to the museum.
By Bus: Several bus routes connect the city center to the museum, including Tourist Bus 5 (306) and Bus 914, 915.
By Taxi: Direct taxis are available from the city center, but be sure to agree on a fare before departure or insist on using the meter.
Parking: The museum has ample parking facilities for private vehicles, with fees applicable.
Best Time & Tips
Avoid Crowds: Peak hours are typically from 10 AM to 2 PM, especially on weekends and holidays. Consider visiting early in the morning or later in the afternoon for a more peaceful experience.
Quietest Days: Weekdays are generally less crowded than weekends.
Weather: The museum is indoors, so it's suitable for visits year-round. However, spring and autumn offer pleasant weather for exploring the outdoor areas around the museum.
Essentials:Download the App: Some museums offer apps with AR guides and exhibit maps to enhance your visit.
Wear Comfortable Shoes: You'll be doing a lot of walking, so comfortable footwear is essential.
Stay Hydrated: Water fountains are available, but it's a good idea to bring a reusable water bottle.
Photography: Allowed (no flash), but tripods are prohibited in some areas.
Prohibited Items: Selfie sticks, large bags, and liquids over 100ml may not be allowed inside the exhibition halls for security reasons.
FAQ
How much are tickets of the Terracotta Warriors? Do I need to book in advance?
Ticket prices for the Terracotta Warriors in Xi'an vary by season: Peak season (March 1 – November 30): Adult ticket 120 RMB Off-season (December 1 – February 28 of the following year): 100 RMB Both include a combined ticket for the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (access via free shuttle bus). Free admission for seniors over 65 years old and minors under 16. Advance booking is mandatory. Tickets can be purchased via the official WeChat account of the "Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor Museum" or authorized platforms. During peak season, booking 1–3 days in advance is recommended. For ticket booking + guided tours, contact us!
What are the must-see pits and exhibits at the Terracotta Warriors?
The must-see pits and core exhibits at the Terracotta Warriors Museum are as follows: Pit 1: The largest military formation pit, showcasing the "Right Army" composed of over 6,000 terracotta warriors. Focus on the frontline heavy infantry terracotta warriors and the chariot remains in the rear. Pit 2: The most iconic mixed forces pit, featuring cavalry warriors (armed with crossbows and paired with horses), kneeling archer warriors (the best-preserved, with clear armor details), and a three-dimensional battle formation combining chariots and archers. Pit 3: Symbolizing the "command post," this smaller pit unearthed advanced weapons like bronze swords and golden hooks, speculated to be a meeting place for generals. Permanent Exhibits: Don’t miss the genuine bronze chariots (known as the "first bronze chariots of the Qin Dynasty") in the exhibition hall and the senior military officer terracotta warriors (distinguished by their double-plate long crowns, reflecting rank differences). Strongly recommended: Hire a professional guide or use an audio guide device. Visiting historical needs "30% observation, 70% listening"—guides provide rich historical context and cultural interpretation!
How long does a typical visit take?
Typically, it is recommended to allow 2.5–3.5 hours for a visit to the Terracotta Warriors Museum, with the following breakdown: Visiting the three main pits: Pit 1 (the largest military formation, 40–60 minutes) Pit 2 (the most iconic mixed forces, 30–40 minutes) Pit 3 (the command post, 15–20 minutes) Total: ~1.5–2 hours Exhibition Hall: Viewing the genuine bronze chariots and senior military officer terracotta warriors takes 20–30 minutes. Transportation and rest: Adding time for the on-site shuttle bus (to the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor) and short breaks extends the total visit by ~0.5 hours. Tip: Historical scenes require in-depth interpretation. We recommend hiring a guide (~1 hour of commentary) or using an audio guide to avoid a superficial visit.
Can I touch or interact with the terracotta warriors?
Touching or interacting with the terracotta warriors is strictly prohibited. As a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site, all terracotta warriors, chariots, and other artifacts are precious cultural relics strictly forbidden to touch. Isolation barriers are installed in all exhibition areas of the museum, and visitors must observe from designated zones at a safe distance. Climbing over barriers, physical contact, and the use of flash photography are strictly prohibited. For in-depth understanding, the following options are available: Professional guided tours: Uncover historical and craft details such as the remaining colored pigments on kneeling archer warriors and the structure of chariots. Audio guide devices: Enjoy high-definition audio commentary while observing small cultural relics (e.g., bronze arrowheads, soldier accessories) in glass display cases. Technological experiences: Immerse yourself in a simulated battlefield at the VR experience zone or use AR glasses for real-time translation and interactive viewing. We can assist you in arranging professional guided tours or booking technological experience services.
How do I get to the Terracotta Warriors from Xi'an Railway Station?
Here are the transportation options from Xi'an Railway Station to the Terracotta Warriors: Public Bus Tour Route 5 (Route 306): Board at the East Square of Xi'an Railway Station for a direct ride to the Terracotta Warriors (first departure 7:00, last departure 19:00, fare 7 RMB, ~1.5 hours). The bus stops at Huaqing Palace en route, ideal for budget travelers. Metro + Bus: Take Metro Line 2 (Beidajie Station) and transfer to Line 1 at Fangzhicheng Station. Then switch to Lintong Route 613 to reach the Terracotta Warriors. Total journey time: ~2 hours, cost: 5–8 RMB. Taxi/Charter Car: Metered taxi: ~120–150 RMB (40 minutes). Charter car service: Direct booking including driver pickup, suitable for families or travelers prioritizing convenience. For charter car/direct bus services, contact us!
Why do most terracotta warriors lack preserved original colors?
The pigments faded upon exposure to air when unearthed. Only a few warriors (like the green-faced one) retain colors, which are protected by constant temperature/humidity technology in the museum.
What's the best tour route and timing for the Terracotta Army?
Route：Visit Pit 1 (panoramic view) → Pit 2 (detailed figures) → Pit 3 (command post) → Bronze Chariots Museum (treasures), totaling 2.5 hours. Best time：Arrive at 8:30 AM when opening to avoid tour groups; winter offers fewer crowds and soft lighting for photography.
How to transfer from the Terracotta Army to Huashan Mountain?
Take bus You 5 back to Xi'an Railway Station, then take a high-speed train to Huashan North Station (30 minutes, ¥54.5), or taxi directly (1.5 hours, ¥200 approx.).
What unique souvenirs are available nearby?
Mini terracotta warrior replicas (painted/non-painted, ¥20–100), cultural ornaments of Qin weights and measures, and the Terracotta Army Restoration Log album (with archaeological notes for culture enthusiasts).
What's the advice for clothing and items?
Wear comfortable sneakers (1.5 km walking). In summer, apply sunscreen (no AC in halls); in winter, dress warmly. Selfie sticks and tripods are prohibited; bottled water is allowed (passes security).
